LINKING WORDS - LIÊN TỪ (PART 1)

I/ LIÊN TỪ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ (RESULT)

1. SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + CLAUSE
SUCH + NOUN + THAT + CLAUSE (TRONG VĂN NÓI CÓ THỂ LƯỢC BỎ THAT)
EX:
- HE WAS SO TIRED THAT HE WENT TO BED EARLY.
- IT WAS SUCH A DIFFICULT EXAM (THAT) HE KNEW HE WOULDN’T PASS IT.

2. SO + CLAUSE
EX:
- IT WAS LATE, SO HE DECIDED TO TAKE A TAXI HOME.

3. AS A RESULT, CONSEQUENTLY CÓ THỂ DÙNG ĐỂ MỞ ĐẦU CÂU.
AND, AS A RESULT ĐƯỢC DÙNG ĐỂ NỐI 2 MỆNH ĐỀ TRONG MỘT CÂU.
EX:
- WE HAVE INVESTED TOO MUCH MONEY IN THIS PROJECT. CONSEQUENTLY, WE ARE IN FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES.
- HIS WIFE LEFT HIM, AND/AS A RESULT, HE BECAME VERY DEPRESSED.


4. THEREFORE THƯỜNG ĐƯỢC DÙNG Ở GIỮA CÂU (NGOÀI RA CŨNG CÓ THỂ DÙNG Ở ĐẦU HOẶC CUỐI CÂU)
EX:
- WE FEEL, THEREFORE, THAT A DECISION MUST BE MADE.

II/ LIÊN TỪ CHỈ LÝ DO (REASON)

1. SINCE/AS/SEEING THAT + CLAUSE (ĐỨNG TRƯỚC MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH)
EX:
- SEEING THAT/SINCE/AS WE ARRIVED LATE, ALL THE BEST SEATS HAD BEEN TAKEN.

2. BECAUSE + CLAUSE (ĐỨNG SAU MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH)
EX:
- WE COULDN’T FIND A GOOD SEAT BECAUSE ALL THE BEST ONES HAD BEEN TAKEN.

3. BECAUSE OF/AS A RESULT OF/OWING TO/DUE TO + NOUN/NOUN PHRASE.
EX:
- WE WERE UNABLE TO GO BY TRAIN BECAUSE OF THE RAIL STRIKE.
- MANY OF THE DEATHS OF OLDER PEOPLE ARE DUE TO HEART ATTACKS.
I/ LIÊN TỪ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ (RESULT)

1. SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + CLAUSE
SUCH + NOUN + THAT + CLAUSE (TRONG VĂN NÓI CÓ THỂ LƯỢC BỎ THAT)
EX:
- HE WAS SO TIRED THAT HE WENT TO BED EARLY.
- IT WAS SUCH A DIFFICULT EXAM (THAT) HE KNEW HE WOULDN’T PASS IT.

2. SO + CLAUSE
EX:
- IT WAS LATE, SO HE DECIDED TO TAKE A TAXI HOME.

3. AS A RESULT, CONSEQUENTLY CÓ THỂ DÙNG ĐỂ MỞ ĐẦU CÂU.
AND, AS A RESULT ĐƯỢC DÙNG ĐỂ NỐI 2 MỆNH ĐỀ TRONG MỘT CÂU.
EX:
- WE HAVE INVESTED TOO MUCH MONEY IN THIS PROJECT. CONSEQUENTLY, WE ARE IN FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES.
- HIS WIFE LEFT HIM, AND/AS A RESULT, HE BECAME VERY DEPRESSED.

4. THEREFORE THƯỜNG ĐƯỢC DÙNG Ở GIỮA CÂU (NGOÀI RA CŨNG CÓ THỂ DÙNG Ở ĐẦU HOẶC CUỐI CÂU)
EX:
- WE FEEL, THEREFORE, THAT A DECISION MUST BE MADE.

II/ LIÊN TỪ CHỈ LÝ DO (REASON)

1. SINCE/AS/SEEING THAT + CLAUSE (ĐỨNG TRƯỚC MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH)
EX:
- SEEING THAT/SINCE/AS WE ARRIVED LATE, ALL THE BEST SEATS HAD BEEN TAKEN.

2. BECAUSE + CLAUSE (ĐỨNG SAU MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH)
EX:
- WE COULDN’T FIND A GOOD SEAT BECAUSE ALL THE BEST ONES HAD BEEN TAKEN.

3. BECAUSE OF/AS A RESULT OF/OWING TO/DUE TO + NOUN/NOUN PHRASE.
EX:
- WE WERE UNABLE TO GO BY TRAIN BECAUSE OF THE RAIL STRIKE.
- MANY OF THE DEATHS OF OLDER PEOPLE ARE DUE TO HEART ATTACKS.

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